{"id":22485,"date":"2026-05-08T14:10:41","date_gmt":"2026-05-08T11:10:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/ua\/?p=22485"},"modified":"2026-05-08T14:10:41","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T11:10:41","slug":"zlitaie-iak-spravzhniy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/ua\/zlitaie-iak-spravzhniy","title":{"rendered":"\u0417\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0454, \u044f\u043a \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0411\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u043f\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0456 \u0430\u0432\u0456\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0430\u0431\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0457\u0445 \u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c-\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u044e, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0454, \u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456 \u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0456.<\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0457\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u043e (\u0440\u0438\u0441. 1). \u041e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0456\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c, \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0456 \u0437\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0456\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0454 \u0437 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_93603\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93603\" style=\"width: 775px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-93603 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/1-18.webp\" alt=\"\u0420\u0438\u0441. 1. \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440\" width=\"785\" height=\"785\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-93603\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\u0420\u0438\u0441. 1. \u041f\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440:<\/strong> <br \/>1 \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u0456\u0437 \u0446\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0443; 2 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443; 3 \u2014 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0446\u044f (\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443); 4 \u2014 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0443\u0447 \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0436\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0456; 5 \u2014 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a (\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u041c\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0446\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0440, \u0441\u043c\u0443\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0448\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043d\u043e\u044e 4 \u043c\u043c \u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0437\u043e\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c 2 \u043c\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0456\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0435\u044e. \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0448\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u044c \u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0456\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0441\u043d\u0435.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_93604\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93604\" style=\"width: 792px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93604\" src=\"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/2-14.webp\" alt=\"\u0420\u0438\u0441. 2. \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0443\" width=\"802\" height=\"658\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-93604\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\u0420\u0438\u0441. 2. \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0443:<\/strong><br \/>1 \u2014 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0430; 2 \u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0436\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437 \u0446\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442 (\u0440\u0438\u0441. 2) \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0448\u043a\u0438 1020 \u043c\u043c \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u043a\u0438 1900 \u043c\u043c. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u2019\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u2014 \u0432\u0438\u0439\u0434\u0435 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440\u0430: \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0437\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0456\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0443 (\u0440\u0438\u0441. 2). \u0407\u0457 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e 605 \u043c\u043c. \u0429\u043e\u0431 \u044f\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0457\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u044e, \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u044e 3 (\u0440\u0438\u0441. 4). \u0407\u0457 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0443, \u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u2014 \u0437 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u2019\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u043a\u0438 120 \u043c\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0446\u044f \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_93605\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93605\" style=\"width: 740px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-93605 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/3-12.webp\" alt=\"\u0420\u0438\u0441. 3. \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\" width=\"750\" height=\"750\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-93605\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\u0420\u0438\u0441. 3. \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> <br \/>1 \u2014 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d (\u0456\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438); 2 \u2014 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0443; 3 \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043a\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0449\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0454\u043c, \u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0440 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 (\u0440\u0438\u0441. 4). \u041f\u043e\u0442\u0456\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044e \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0443\u0447 \u0456\u0437 \u0441\u043c\u0443\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0448\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0448\u043a\u0438 10 \u2014 15 \u043c\u043c. \u0414\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0436 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 600 \u043c\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0430 (\u0440\u0438\u0441. 1) \u0443 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 50&#215;50 \u043c\u043c, \u0456 \u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c 2 \u043c\u043c. \u0423 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0456\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d \u0456\u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u043c\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c 50 \u2014 60 \u043c\u043c, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c 0,3 \u043c\u043c. \u042f\u043a\u0449\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0456\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0446\u0456, \u0432\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437 \u0456 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0436\u0443.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_93606\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93606\" style=\"width: 844px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93606\" src=\"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/4-8.webp\" alt=\"\u0420\u0438\u0441. 4. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0456\" width=\"854\" height=\"854\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-93606\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\u0420\u0438\u0441. 4. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0435\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0456:<\/strong><br \/>1 \u2014 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043a\u0430; 2 \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430; 3 \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043a\u0430; 4 \u2014 \u043b\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u0445\u0443, \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043b\u0456\u0441\u0443, \u043b\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0456 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0454. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043c\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0433\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0454 \u0457\u0457. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0433\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u044f\u0433 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0456\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f \u0456 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u043c\u0443\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0441 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0443. \u041b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435, \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0454 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_93607\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-93607\" style=\"width: 648px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-93607\" src=\"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/5-7.webp\" alt=\"\u0420\u0438\u0441. 5. \u041f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\" width=\"658\" height=\"280\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-93607\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\u0420\u0438\u0441. 5. \u041f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a:<\/strong><br \/>1 \u2014 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443; 2 \u2014 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0437\u043c\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c; 3 \u2014 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437 \u043c\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0438 \u0456\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0457\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0456 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0456\u0433\u0443\u0440.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0456\u0437 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0456\u0433\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0454 \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0448\u0456 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f: \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u0454 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u0456? \u0427\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u041d\u041b\u041e \u0446\u0435?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/zhurnaly\/modelist_konstruktor_2011_06\">\u00ab\u041c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u00bb \u2116 6&#8217;2011<\/a>, \u0411. \u0421\u0415\u0420\u0413\u0404\u0404\u0412<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0411\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u043f\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0456 \u0430\u0432\u0456\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0430\u0431\u043e, \u044f\u043a \u0457\u0445 \u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c-\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0440\u044f\u043c. \u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u044e, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0454, \u0441\u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456 \u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0456. \u041c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0457\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443, \u0449\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/modelist-konstruktor.com\/ua\/zlitaie-iak-spravzhniy\">\u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0456&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22486,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-z-paperu"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u2019\u0454\u0440\u0430: \u0432\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u0439\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 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